全球气候变化趋势下西北生态环境建设的动态响应

Development Coordination for Eco-environment Rehabilitation with World Climatic Variation in Northwest China

西北地区深居内陆,东距太平洋遥远,南有世界屋脊青藏高原的屏障作用,阻碍印度洋水汽的进入,青藏高原对大气环流的热力作用和动力作用,致使西北气候更加干燥。根据全新世大暖期鼎盛时期的气温、降水和植被带与现在的相应要素进行对比,推得西北地区目前正处于气候转暖的初期阶段,暖干是其主要特征。在全球气候转暖的大环境下,叠加人为作用的负效应,对西北的生态环境建设提出了许多新的挑战。由此,提出在今后西北生态环境的建设过程中,应适当分区调整修复措施,加强水利工程建设和水资源保护措施,以扩大草原面积为主,适当发展灌木林地,减少乔木林的栽种面积。以适应气候转暖情况下生物过程的特殊规律,促进生态环境的良性演化。

The northwest China locates the mainland inner part, where is far away from the Pacific Ocean by east. There is the Tibetan plateau by south, which obstructs the Indian Ocean water vapor entering into the northwest China. So the climate of northwest China is very dry .In addition to, the dynamic and thermodynamic forcing functions of Tibetan plateau make the climate of northwest China be much drier. According to the contrasting air temperature, precipitation and vegetation zones in the most warm stage of Holocene Epoch with nowadays, it can be inferred that climatic conditions in northwest China is in the early stage of changing of global climatic warming, and its main characteristics are dry and warm. Under the global climatic warm conditions, adding human action negative effects to the ecoenvironment, lot of new challenges are bringing up in the processes of rehabilitation ecoenvironment of northwest China. Therefore, some new measures are suggested in the processes of rehabilitation ecoenvironment of northwest China, enhancing hydraulic engineering construction to protect the water resources, extending the steppe area, appropriately developing shrub area, reducing the planting area of tall tree wood. For these, the purposes are to adapt vegetations growing to the warming and dry circumstance and promote the ecoenvironmental positive to evolve. 