四种灵长类肘关节的生物力学研究

STUDIES NO THE BIOMECHANICALFOR ELBOW JOINT IN FOUR SPECIES OF PRIMATES

对懒猴、猕猴、叶猴和长臂猿的肘关节形态与功能和前臂伸、屈肌肌肉电生理的研究结果表明,随着上肢运动功能的加强,肘关节的灵活性亦相应增大。猕猴各肌的肌电活动相对较弱,肘关节的结构明显不同于其它3个种,表现出对四足型运动和维持关节稳定性的适应特点。叶猴肘关节的形态结构和前臂各肌的肌电活动类似于长臂猿,表现出与臂摆荡有关的活动特点。对前臂伸、屈肌有关指数的判别分析表明,与骨骼相比,4个种的前臂各肌的形态差异明显较大。肱肌的近侧起点指数。肱桡肌的止点指数和肱三头肌内侧头的起点指数可作为4个种的鉴定特征。

This paper carried out the comparative study of the morphology, biomechanic and electromyography(EMG) on the elbow joint for slow loris, rhesus monkey, black leaf-monkey and gibbon. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. The flexibility of articulatio cubiti was developed with the increasing function of forelimb. According to the results of EMG for flexors and extensors of forearm among four species, we believed that brachialis muscle played the most important role during flexion of forearm, but auxiliary functiary function was completed by brachio-radialis muscle and biceps brachialis muscle. 2. In rhesus monkey, the relative low magnitude of EMG of flexors and extensors in forearm and the evidently different morphologies of articulatio cubiti from that of other species were related to its movement of quadrupedalism and supporting stability of articulation. 3. The morphological and electromyographical similarities of musculoskeleton for elbow joint between leaf monkey and gibbon showed that there existed some similar functions relating to brachiation and flexible movement of forelimb. 4. The results of descriminat and univariance analysis implied that, the significant differences were appeared in flexors and extensors of elbow joint comparing to skeleton. The indices of the proximal origin of brachialis muscle, the insertion of brachioradialis muscle andthe proximal and distal origin of medial head of triceps brachialis muscle were the important factors to differentiate the four species of primates.