洞庭丘岗平原区农村鼠类群落演替的观察

THE SUCCESSION OF RODENT COMMUNITY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE OF DONGTING HILLY AND PLAIN AREA

本文描述和分析了洞庭丘岗平原区鼠类群落的演替趋势及演替原因。80年代以前,该地房舍区鼠类群落组成以黄胸鼠及小家鼠为主,种群数量均较低。80年代初期,种植业、饲养业大发展,农户贮粮及防鼠设施未跟上,致使褐家鼠数量激增。80年代中后期,贮粮和住房条件改善,并经常使用敌鼠钠盐灭鼠,褐家鼠的种群数量下降,室内鼠类组成正向以小家鼠为主的方向演替。80年代初期农田区褐家鼠的比例亦上升,中期回归到以黑线姬鼠为主的状态。预测今后小家鼠和黑线姬鼠的比例将进一步上升,成为今后主要防治对象。

The cause of the succession of rodent community from 1970s to early 1990s was discussed in this paper. Rattus flavipetus was the dominant species in farmer's houses in 1970s,and each species had a low population density. But the norway rat became the dominant species and the population density was very high in early 1980s. We considered that it was because the bumper harvest in early 1980s and the change of the way to store grains. Most farmers had the storehouse which was big enough to store their grain, the condition of the inhabitation of human beings have been improving, and the constant use of natrium diphacin to kill rodents in the middle of 1980s, so the population of norway rat kept droping trend. Although the farmer's house have been improved a lot in north Hunan, the farmer's houses were still the idea place for the house mouse. The population of the house mouse would increase further. The striped field mouse was the dominant species in farmland in 1970s. The norway rat in buildings became the dominant species in early 1980s. The rodent community in farmland was back to the status of 1970s in the middle of 1980s.