摘要
获体长8～15cm黑白花奶牛雌性胎犊5头,用光镜和电镜对其卵巢的组织结构进行了观察.生殖上皮呈单层或复层住状,其增殖能力极强,细胞突破基膜进入卵巢深部,与卵巢间质细胞相混.在光镜下,卵原细胞在卵巢的外区,分为由卵巢间质包围成大包囊状共质体、合胞体状细胞群和小包囊细胞簇以及密集裸露的卵母细胞,它们可明显地分出明暗两类.卵巢间质细胞核具有两种形态:一种为长梭形,数量较多;一种为纺锤形,数量较少,常见具纺锤形核的细胞包围的卵母细胞,而形成典泡.常见1～3个卵泡上皮细胞包围的卵母细胞形成原始卵泡;另一种是极性分布成帽状包围的卵母细胞卵泡.电镜下观察,有具共质体状结构和膜相隔的卵原细胞群两种情况.共质体状卵原细胞内的细胞器位于核旁;有膜相隔的卵原细胞核大,胞质少,胞质中膜泡结构明显.
The ovaries (8-15 cm in size) of fetal calves getting from five black and white cows were studided by light and electron microscope. It was found that the ovaries were covered by both simple and stratified columnar epithelia. The cells in the area of the stratified epithelium have a very strong proliferating ability, their processes penetrated the basement membrane and extended into the ovaries and mixed with the stromal cells. Under the light microscope, the oogo-nia located in the outer area of ovary were surrounded by the ovarian stromal cells and formed large capsular symplasma cells, syncytium-like cell groups, small capsular cell clusters and dense naked oocytes. They could be divided obviously into the light type and the opaque type. The nuclei of the ovarian stromal cells have two kinds of shape. The major ones are like elongated shuttle , the minor ones are like spindle. It was often observed that the cells having spindle-shaped nuclei surrounded the oocytes and formed the follicles. The primary follicle often consists of 1 - 3 follicular cells. The other type of follicle consists of pole-located follicular cells which surrounded the oocytes like a cap. Under the electron microscope, the synplasma-like oogonia and membrane-separated oogonia were observed. In the synplasma-like oogonia, the organellae formed the complex beside the nucleus, (sig. Ⅱ 1. 2. 4) In the membrane-separated oogonia, the nucleus is big, the plasma less and the membrane vesicle obvious.
