车载体及地面环境对天线电磁特性的影响研究

Research of the Effect of Vehicle Carrier and Ground Environment on Antenna Characteristics

与自由空间中不同,在实际复杂的电磁环境中,通信车载体及地面环境对天线的辐射特性会产生重要的影响。建立天线、通信车载体及地面环境一体化的仿真模型对提高仿真精度,指导工程应用具有重要的意义。本文应用FEKO仿真软件建立了准确的通信车载体模型,依据介质电参数建立了典型地面环境的等效模型,详细讨论了天线的架设高度以及天线的架设角度对天线的电磁特性的影响规律,为分析复杂电磁环境下天线的性能和系统间电磁兼容性预测问题提供了数据支持,具有重要的应用价值。

The communication vehicle carrier and ground environment have a great effect on antenna performance in complicated electromagnetic environment, which is different from the vacuum. Establishing an integrative model combining antenna, communication vehicle carrier, and ground environment is useful to guide engineering practice. In this paper, an accurate communication vehicle carrier simulation model and an equivalent ground environment model in terms of medium electrical parameters are built with the use of simulation software FEKO. The influence rules of erecting height and erecting angle on the antenna radiation properties are discussed in details. All this work shows great value in analyzing antenna performance under complicated electromagnetic environment and supporting EMC forecasting.