一种宽频带导航天线的研究与设计

Research and Design of a Broadband Navigation Antenna

研究并设计了一款基于阿基米德螺旋天线的宽频带(覆盖GPS,BeiDou和GLONASS卫星导航系统的所有工作频点,即1.1～1.7 GHz)高稳定相位中心导航天线。以带有反射腔的阿基米德螺旋天线为基础,结合三维扼流环抑制多径效应的性能,通过加载扼流环,并经有限元电磁仿真软件的参数优化设计,很大程度上改善了整个频带内天线在特定俯仰角范围内的相位稳定度。所设计的宽频带高稳定相位中心导航天线的指标达到:在GPS,BeiDou和GLONASS卫星导航系统的所有工作频点上,输入端口驻波比小于1.5;在俯仰角为-60°～60°的范围内,方向图轴比小于2 dB,相位稳定度在-2.7°～2.7°;同时由于扼流环的加载,天线的抗多径性能也得到了改善。研究表明,加载了三维扼流环的阿基米德螺旋天线综合性能优异,适合作为宽频带高稳定相位中心导航天线。

A wideband and high stable phase center navigation antenna based on Archimedes spiral antenna is studied and designed. Upon the foundation of Archimedes spiral antenna with the reflecting cavity, combined with the performance of the three dimensional choke ring to suppress the multipath effect, the phase stability of the antenna in the range of specific pitching angle is greatly improved by loading the choke ring and optimizing the parameters of the finite element electromagnetic simulation software. The target of the wideband and high stable phase center navigation antenna is achieved: in all working frequency points of GPS, BeiDou and GLONASS satellite navigation system, the VSWR of input port is less than 1.5, and the axis ratio of the radiation pattern is less than 2 dB in the range of-60°to 60°, the phase stability is-2.7°to 2.7°, and the performance of multipath rejection is also improved due to the choke ring. The research shows that the Archimedes spiral antenna combined with the three-dimensional choke ring achieves excellent overall performance and is suitable for the broadband high stable phase center navigation antenna.