激流回旋运动员神经类型特征及竞赛心理素质的调查与分析

An Examination and Analysis on the Nerve Type Characteristic and the Psychological Fitness of Competition of Chinese Canoe Slalom Athletes

本文主要采用测验法对20名激流回旋运动员的神经类型及竞赛心理素质进行了调查与分析。结果表明:神经类型分布为:灵活型、亚灵活型为10％;亚稳定型为16人,占总人数的80％;亚易扰型为10％;在认知状态焦虑、状态自信心与水上运动常模组经t检验存在非常显著的差异(t=6.601,p<0.01;t=7.557,p<0.01),躯体状态焦虑与水上运动常模组经t检验差异不显著(t=0.244,p>0.05)。主要结论:激流回旋运动员神经类型,亚稳定型居多;运动员认知状态焦虑偏低,躯体状态焦虑适宜,状态自信心偏高;在责任感、抱负水平、应付困境能力得分较高,具备了取得优异成绩的心理能力。

By mainly using the method of psychology measurements and statistics, the author made an examination and analysis on the nerve type characteristic and the psychological fitness of competition of 20 Chinese canoe slalom athletes. The results of 80.8 Nerve Type Scale show that the type of inferior agility has 2 people, 10% of all people; of taking the type of inferior stability has 16 people, 80% of all people; the type of inferior disturbance has 2 people, 10% of all people taking. The results of the psychological fitness of competition show that slalom athletes have a significant difference in the modality of water sports on the level of cognitive conditional anxiety and conditional self- confidence(p < 0.01). There are no differences with the slalom and the modality of water sports on the body conditional anxiety (p > 0.05). The main conclusion: The majority of slalom athletes possess the nerve type of inferior stability, displaying the item of characteristic. Slalom athletes have a lower level of cognitive conditional anxiety, a suitable level of body conditional anxiety and a higher level of condition self-confidence. They have a suitable internal controlled point about success, and have a higher internal controlled point. They obtain a higher score on the aspects of the sense of responsibility, the level of ambition and the ability of handling difficult position, therefore they are provided with excellent psychology ability that are helpful to obtain outstanding achievements.