外国公法适用的冲突法路径

The Application of Foreign Public Law and the Conflicts Law

在当代社会中,公私法的兼容与公私法二元划分的弱化为公法在国际私法领域的适用提供了契机,而追求国家利益、公共利益的互利互惠和市场秩序的稳定发展也使公法的域外适用在某种程度上成为必要。同时,国际私法制度的公法面孔使公法在国际私法领域的适用不会造成严重的排斥反应,由国际私法的法律选择规则为其适用提供指引在技术上是可行的。在司法实践中,外国公法的适用或者本国公法的域外效力分析与冲突法的指引密切相关。其中,前者主要利用传统冲突法的规则或制度,后者则主要引入现代冲突法的各种方法。目前,我国的公法适用尚仅停留在推行本国法律域外效力的层面上,有待于进一步的发展。

Modern legal systems have witnessed a strong blending trend of private law and public law.Since the dichotomy of private-public law distinction has become increasingly vague and invalid,the extraterritorial application of foreign public law obtains more and more opportunities in the field of private international law.At the same time, the application of public law is necessary under certain circumstances as States need to keep the market developed stably and pursuit mutual benefits.The public law characteristic of conflicts law does not necessarily prevent foreign public law from applying to an international private case.In practice,both the application of foreign public law in the domestic law and the extraterritorial application of domestic public law have a close connection with the conflicts law.The former uses the traditional rules of conflicts law, while the latter resorts to the modern choice of law approaches.In China,there has not yet been any cases applying foreign public law but only some statutes providing the extraterritorial application of Chinese public law,which calls for further development.