“领事婚姻登记”若干问题的实证研究——兼议《涉外民事关系法律适用法》有关规定

An Empirical Study of Consular Marriage Registration——With Comments on Relevant Provisions of the Law of the Applicable Law to Foreign-related Civil Relations of the People’s Republic of China

根据国际公约、双边条约及内国法律规章,中国驻外领事、外国驻华领事的职务范围均包括"领事婚姻登记",但中国国内法律中尚无"领事婚姻登记"的专门规定。实践表明,"领事婚姻登记"法律制度作为国际婚姻法律体系的组成部分,其对中国"构建和谐世界"思想的倡导与践行起着积极的作用,但同时也存在着亟待梳理和解决的问题。而如何梳理"领事婚姻登记"的现存问题并加以解决,可从国际公法和国际私法的角度出发。为此,文章结合实例,以兼议《涉外民事关系法律适用法》相关条款的方式,就"领事婚姻登记"的基本原则、两种管辖及法律效力等若干问题进行分析与探讨,希望能够为不断完善中国婚姻法律体系乃至国际婚姻法律体系提供有益的参考。

According to international conventions,bilateral treaties and domestic laws and regulations,marriage registration is a function for both Chinese consuls abroad and foreign consuls in China.Chinese laws,however,include no specific provisions on such registration.Experience shows that the legal system of consular marriage registration, as a part of the international marriage law,has played a positive role in " building a harmonious world";but at the same time,certain problems need to be addressed in this system.A possible approach to identify and solve the problems is to start with the perspectives of public and private international law.The article,therefore,uses practical examples to analyze issues such as the basic principle,two kinds of jurisdiction and legal validity of consular marriage registration,and provides comments on relevant provisions of the Law of the Applicable Law to Foreign-related Civil Relations of the People’s Republic of China,in an attempt to provide a useful reference for improving China’s marriage law and even international marriage law.