论国际海洋法法庭的临时措施——以《联合国海洋法公约》第290条适用为中心

The Provisional Measure of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea——Focusing on the Application of Article 290 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

1982年《联合国海洋法公约》创立了包括常设性国际司法机构——国际海洋法法庭在内的全新争端解决机制。国际海洋法法庭自1996年开始履行审理海洋争端职责以来处理了6个涉及临时措施规定的案件。《联合国海洋法公约》确立的临时措施制度有不少特别之处,在法庭的审判实践中也有诸多值得深入探讨的问题。文章以《联合国海洋法公约》第290条适用为中心,结合法庭处理临时措施的6个案件,对规定临时措施的条件、目的、遵守与效果作细致分析。文章肯定《公约》临时措施制度本身的作用、角色与价值,也提出一些思考,以期获取对整个海洋法公约更多的关注与启示。

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea has focused its dispute settlement mechanism on the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.It had dealt with 6 cases on the provisional measure since the Tribunal took up its duties in1996.It is so special that is worthy of further study.Focusing on the Application of Article290 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,the requirement,purpose and the legal effect of the provisional measure was submitted to detailed analysis.This article confirms the roles and value of the provisional measure under UNCLOS,but also puts forward some thoughts in order to gain more attention and enlightenment.