论外国法院判决承认与执行中的终局性问题

On the Finality Problems in the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments

在外国判决的承认与执行方面,判决终局性是影响判决域外承认与执行的重要因素。由于文化传统和法律制度的差异,各国立法与实践对终局性有着不同的理解和要求。海牙国际私法会议通过的《协议选择法院公约》和欧盟布鲁塞尔公约体系对外国法院判决的终局性也作了不同的规定。我国立法对外国判决的终局性没有明确规定,与其他国家签订的双边司法协助条约对终局性有不同的规定。为了促进我国判决在国际社会的自由流动,保障我国"一带一路"战略的实施,需要在立法与司法等多个方面进一步完善我国判决承认与执行中的终局性制度。

In recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments,finality is an important factor that influences the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.Due to the difference of cultural tradition and legal system,different countries hold different points and requirements about the finality of judgments.The Convention on the Choice of the Court adopted by The Hague Conference on Private International Law and the Brussels Convention system of the European Union have also made different provisions on the finality of judgments.There is no clear stipulation about the finality of foreign judgments in China’s legislation.The bilateral judicial assistance treaties between China and other countries have different stipulations on the finality of judgments.In order to promote the free movement of China’s judgments in the international community and ensure the implementation of China’s'One Belt and One Road'strategy,China needs to further improve the finality system of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in the legislations and judicature.