东帝汶诉澳大利亚仲裁案及其对中国的启示

Analysis on International Arbitration Between Timor-Leste and Australia and Its Implications to China

东帝汶诉澳大利亚仲裁案是首个海上共同开发国家间争端的仲裁案件。东帝汶试图通过国际仲裁来挣脱《特定海上安排条约》法律框架的束缚,寻求与澳大利亚达成最终海域划界,维护海洋权益。采用实证分析法,详细介绍案件背景和基本情况,总结案件的特点并重点评述本案涉及的国际法问题,如《联合国海洋法公约》对临时安排的相关规定、国际法上的诚信原则以及《维也纳条约法公约》规定的条约无效的情形等。中国推进海上共同开发,要吸取东帝汶和澳大利亚的经验和教训,以国际法和海上共同开发协定为依据,灵活地选择和运用争端解决方法,特别是要高度重视仲裁和谈判。此外,还要充分发挥国际石油公司的作用,为争端的解决提供一个沟通与协商的平台,推进海上共同开发进程。

International arbitration between Timor-Leste and Australia is the first case of solving disputes between sovereign states in offshore joint development. Timor-Leste tries to get free from the legal framework of CMATS Treaty through international arbitration,to make arrangement for the final maritime delimitation. This paper,using empirical analysis,introduces the background and basic information of the case in detail,summarizes the characteristics and emphasizes on related international law issues,such as the provisional arrangement stipulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,good faith in international law and invalidity of treaties stipulated in Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. To promote offshore joint development,China should learn from Timor-Leste and Australia. When dealing with offshore joint development disputes,China must comply with international law and offshore joint development agreements and select solving methods flexibly,especially attach importance to arbitration and negotiation. International oil companies should also be valued to offer a platform to solve offshore joint development disputes.