“一带一路”倡议下外国判决承认与执行中的间接管辖权问题研究

On the Indirect Jurisdiction in the Recognition and Enforcement under “The Belt and Road”Initiative

间接管辖权是外国法院判决承认与执行的基本条件之一,被请求国法院可以通过判断原审国法院的管辖权是否合理来避免承认与执行原审国法院不合理的判决。各国国内法和海牙国际私法会议关于判决承认与执行的有关公约均对此有相关规定。但是我国仍欠缺这方面的立法,双边司法协助条约中的规定也存在差异。在比较海牙国际私法会议关于判决承认与执行的有关公约和各国国内法规定的基础上,提出应当完善我国外国判决承认与执行中的间接管辖权规则,确立以惯常居所为基础的普通管辖、细化合同管辖规则、完善推定管辖,进一步探讨消费者合同和雇佣者合同纠纷管辖制度,通过构建"一带一路"区域性公约来统一间接管辖权规则。

Indirect jurisdiction is one of the basic requirements in recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments,which can be used for avoiding unreasonable judgments from original courts. While indirect jurisdiction has been included in many domestic laws and the Draft of Hague Judgment Convention,it still remains legislative blankness in China. Based on the existing indirect jurisdictions worldwide,this article emphasis the importance of indirect jurisdiction rules and suggests that the bases for recognition and enforcement in China should contain habitual residence,performance of the contract,the consumer/employee contract and so on,which can also be considered as the bases for recognition and enforcement when establishing regional convention.With the formulation of indirect jurisdiction rules,the mutual recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments will be promoted,which will push forward the building of "The Belt and Road".