汽车排气消声器的消声性能分析及结构优化

Structure Improvement and Acoustic Characteristics Analysis of Automobile Exhaust Muffler

汽车NVH作为衡量汽车性能的指标之一,其重要性日益显现,排气噪声作为汽车主要噪声源,为降低汽车整体噪声,要被优先考虑。选取某型汽车的消声器为研究对象,搭建了消声器性能测试系统,采用声压级测量法测出该排气消声器的传递损失。然后根据分析结果对原消声器提出优化措施,并对改进后的消声器进行频谱分析,结果表明,优化后消声器的消声性能总体上较原来有所提高,特别是在500Hz、1100Hz、1976Hz、2200Hz、2482Hz、3300Hz处消声量提高3-10dB。

Noise vibration and harshness(NVH)as one of car performance criteria,has an increasingly significance in vehicle industry. The exhausting noise,which is one of main noise sources,must been first taken into consideration to reduce overall noise of automobiles. In this paper,the performance and test system for an automotive exhaust muffler is built. Finally,the transmission loss of the muffler is tested by using the acoustic pressure level method. Thus,optimized measures of the muffler will be carried out according to the analytic results as well as a frequency analysis of the improved muffler. The results show that comparing with the original muffler,the improved muffler’s sound-deadening performance has been increased as a whole,especially at frequency of 500Hz、1100Hz、1976 Hz、2200Hz、2482Hz、3300Hz,the sound-deadening capacity has an improvement of 3-10dB.