上颌神经阻滞麻醉的应用解剖学基础

Applied Anatomic Bsis of the Blocking Anesthesia of the Maxillary Nerve

目的 为临床口腔颌面外科提供解剖学依据。方法 观察 3 0例干性颅骨标本的翼腭窝及其通道的形态、大小 ,并进行相关数据的测量。结果 (1)上颌神经阻滞点至颧弓下缘中点的距离 ,左侧为41 0 4± 2 43mm ,右侧为 41 63± 2 19mm ;(2 )圆孔至腭大孔的距离 ,左侧为 3 1 98± 2 2 4mm ,右侧为 3 1 73± 4 2 9mm ;(3 )硬腭至腭大孔的距离 ,左侧为 3 46± 1 12mm ,右侧为 3 54± 1 12mm ;(4)硬腭后缘可作为进针的解剖学标志。结论 本研究可为经颧弓下缘中点和经翼腭管上颌神经阻滞入路提供重要的解剖学参数。

Objective To provide the anatomic basis for oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods The osseous structures of pterygopalatine fossa and its communications were obse rved and the clinical significant date were measured in thirty dry skull specim ens.Results (1)The distances from the midpoint of the lower edge of zygoma to the point of blocking maxillary nerve were 41 04±2 43mm at the left side and 41 04±2 43mm at the right side.(2)The distances from the g reater palatine forament to the forament rotundum were 31 98 ±2 24mm at the l eft side and 31 73±4 29mm at the right side in turn.(3)The distances from the greater palatine forament to the posterior edge of hard palate were 3 46±1 1 2mm at the left side and 3 54±1 12mm at the right side in turn.(4)The posteri or edge of hard palate could be thought as a significant anatomic mark.Conclusion Our study can provide the important anatomical paramet ers for maxillary nerve block across the midpoint of the lower edge of zygoma an d across pterypalatine canal.