山东济南长清仙人台周代墓地M4发掘简报

The Excavation of the Burial M4 at the Xianrentai Cemetery of the Zhou Dynasty in Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong

1995年,山东大学历史文化学院对济南市长清区仙人台遗址进行了发掘。其中周代墓葬M4规格较高,随葬器物丰富。墓葬形制为竖穴土坑,平面近梯形,葬具包括椁、棺、枕木、器物箱和席子等。椁室中部偏北处有腰坑,腰坑殉狗。墓内随葬两辆拆散放置的车辆,出土器物有铜器、陶器、玉器、漆木器等,铜器包括礼器和车马器。仙人台墓地是周代邿国高级贵族墓地,M4为贵族夫人墓,年代为春秋中期。该墓的发掘为探讨东周时期邿国贵族阶层的丧葬习俗、器用制度提供了重要材料。

In 1995,the School of History and Culture of Shandong University conducted excavation to the Xianrentai Cemetery in Changqing District,Jinan.The burial M4 recovered in this excavation had high rank and rich grave goods yielded.It was a vertical earthen shaft pit burial in a trapezoidal plan,the burial receptacles of which consisted of the coffin chamber,coffin,joists,grave goods compartments,mats,etc.In the middle slightly to the north of the coffin chamber,a waist pit containing a dog victim was featured.From this burial,two disassembled chariots,as well as grave goods made of bronze,pottery,jade,lacquered wood,etc.were unearthed.The bronzes could be classified into ritual vessels and chariot and horse fittings.The Xianrentai Cemetery was the cemetery of the high-ranking aristocrats of the Shi State in the Zhou Dynasty,and the M4 excavated this time was the burial of the wife of a high-ranking aristocrat,the date of which was the mid Spring-and-Autumn Period.The excavation of M4 at the Xianrentai Cemetery provided important materials for the explorations to the funeral customs and grave good using system of the aristocrat class of the Shi State in the Eastern Zhou Period.