亚历山大·汉密尔顿的代议制政体思想

Alexander Hamilton’s Representative Polity Thought

共和主义是汉密尔顿整个政治思想的聚焦点,其核心是代议制政体思想。汉密尔顿认为,代议制是一种间接民主制,代议制政府的一切权力来源于人民,人民通过选举代表控制政府的权力;特定职业集团可代表其他集团利益,从而解决代表规模原则问题。汉密尔顿把"三权分立"作为补救共和制弊端的措施,通过共和国复合化使政府运作于不同的利益社群中,同时把国家的最高立法权、最高行政权和最高司法权分别授予国会、总统和法院,三者之间相互制衡。

Republicanism is the focal point of Hamilton’s political thought,whose core is the representative polity system thought. Hamilton believes that representative is a kind of indirect democracy system,and all power comes from the people for representative government,and the representatives who people elect control the power of government. Specific profession group can represent the interests of the other group in order to solve the problem on behalf of the principle of scale. Hamilton made up the defect of republic system through the malpractice of separation of powers,and he made the republic government operate in different benefit community through composite. At the same time,the country’s supreme legislative power,the highest executive power and the highest judicial power were granted to congress,the President and the courts,which gets mutual checks and balances between the three.