玉米减量施肥研究

Study of reducing the amount of using fertilizer in corn growth

在吉林通化市长年高施肥量(N180kg/hm2,P2O570kg/hm2)的玉米栽培区,实行减量施肥效果明显。1999年在暗棕壤上试验,用氮量降低23kg/hm2(实际用氮量150kg/hm2),比高施氮量的增产10%左右,2001～2002年分别在冲积土和白浆土上试验,用氮量降低36kg/hm2(实际用氮量144kg/hm2),比高施氮量的分别增产5 65%、2 56%。1995年在白浆土和暗棕壤上试验,施P2O5量在36 6～91 8kg/hm2间,形成的玉米产量没有本质上的差异,即多施磷和少施磷的效果是一样的。据此,吉林省东部地区玉米施氮量应由目前180kg/hm2,减为140～150kg/hm2,施P2O5量由目前70kg/hm2,减为35～45kg/hm2。

The result of reducing the amount of using fertilizer (N180 kg/hm2, P2O5 kg/hm2) is evident, in the amount of using fertilizer to corn regions of Tong Hua JiLin every year In 1999, in the darkbrown soil, the nitrogen which reduced 23 kg/hm2 (the actual amount was 150 kg/hm2), The yield increased 10%, compared with using the high amount of nitrogen In 2001 and 2002 in the alluvial soil and the whitestarch soil, the amount of nitrogen reduced 36 kg/hm2 (the actual amount was 144 kg/hm2 ) The yield increased 565% in 2001 and 256% in 2002, compared with using the high amount of nitrogen In 1995, in the whitestarch soil and the darkbrown soilthe amount of using phosphorous was between 366-918 kg/hm2 The yield of corn wasn't differences That result show that using high amount or low amount of phosphorous wasn't difference Reducing the amount of using fertilizer to corn growth is available It can reduce the cost and increase incomeCorn growth which needs the amount of nitrogen 140～150 kg/hm2 Using the amount of phosphorous 35～45 kg/hm2 in the eastern regions of Jinlin Province