日本《幼儿园教育要领》修订案的新动向

The New Tendency of the Course of Study for Kindergarten in Japan Revised in 2017

日本文部科学省于2017年发布了《幼儿园教育要领》新修订案,确定了未来十年日本幼儿园教育课程改革的方向与内容。此次修订主要包括四个要点:以"资质与能力"的培养为幼儿的未来发展奠定基础;以"幼儿的十个形象"促进三大园所幼儿教育目标和内容的一致化与幼儿发展评价系统的立体化;通过"课程与管理"对幼儿园教育课程进行综合的计划、实施、评价与改善;通过"主体的、对话的、深入的学习"对幼儿园课程的教学方法进行反思与改进。新修订案注重在幼儿教育的过程中尊重与保护"幼儿在现实生活中的形象",并为日本的国家人才培养理念在幼儿教育实践中的转化提供了制度保证,具有借鉴意义。

The Revised Course of study for Kindergarten has been issued by the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan in 2017. This revision will be used to guide the course reform of kindergarten in the next decade. There are four key points in this revision:Firstly,setting standards of qualities and abilities for kindergarten curriculum to lay the foundation for children’s future. Secondly,setting‘the 10 images of children’to improve the quality of early childhood education and to add a new dimension to the assessment of child’s development as well. Thirdly,improving the curriculum of kindergarten through curriculum management. Fourthly,improving the methods of guidance through'active learning'. This revision focuses on the protection of children’s own minds and intentions in kindergarten and provides institutional guarantees for the realization of the national ideals of kindergarten curriculum.