大学女性从政策边缘走向中心——乌干达马克雷雷大学社会性别主流化的案例解读

University Women Coming to the Policy Centre from the Periphery:a Case Study of Gender Mainstreaming Programme in Makerere University,Uganda

社会性别主流化有助于女性从教育政策的边缘走向政策的中心,它也被誉为促进教育性别平等的一种有效方式。乌干达马克雷雷大学的社会性别主流化项目是历史最悠久和最成功的项目之一。为有效实施社会性别主流化项目,马克雷雷大学采取了四条主要措施:制定性别政策;成立性别事务机构;实施"1.5分计划"与女性奖学金项目以及开展女性领导力项目、导师计划和能力建设项目。该项目取得了较为显著的成效:确立了主流地位,提升了女性的"可视性",提高了接受程度;但在积极推动者数量和可持续性上却面临着挑战。为更好推进社会性别主流化项目,马克雷雷大学需要从指导理念、实施路径和执行层面对该项目进行深入的反思。

Gender mainstreaming could facilitate university women coming to the policy centre from the periphery,and it has also been regarded as an effective way to promote gender equality in education. Gender mainstreaming programme(GMP)in Makerere University is one of the oldest and most successful programmes. To effectively implement of the GMP,Makerere University has conducted four actions:enacting gender equality policies,establishing gender issues organs,practicing'1.5 point scheme'and female scholarship initiative as well as conducting women and leadership project,mentoring initiative and capacity building programme. Then,it has proved that the GMP has been effective in legitimating the mainstreaming of gender in the university,improving the visibility of women and in enhancing the acceptance of the GMP in the university and beyond. However,the GMP has encountered such challenges as lacks of enough active promoters and of sustainability in its experts and fund. Finally,it argues that to further improve the implementation of the GMP,Makerere University would need to engage an in-depth reflection on the guiding ideology,implementation approach and practical model of the programme.