海洋油气平台甲烷气体扩散模拟及监测效果分析

Simulation of Methane Gas Diffusion Simulation and Monitoring Effect on Offshore Oil and Gas Platform

海洋油气平台上的设备及管线之间的连接存在大量密封点,由于设备安装不当、老化、腐蚀等原因极易发生有害气体泄漏,平台设置的气体监测仪有时并不能有效地报警。除了系统自身故障,主要是由于气体监测设备并没有检测到泄漏气体,这种情况给平台带来了极大的安全隐患。如何保证有害气体探测器合理布置,最大限度减小泄漏风险是一个亟待解决的问题。在充分研究某海上油气平台主工艺流程的设备设施布局及运行工况后,运用CFD软件建立平台三维模型,进行不同泄漏条件及风况下的甲烷气体扩散仿真,得到气体受到平台结构及设备布局影响后的浓度分布。根据仿真得到的气体扩散特点及当前监测设备分布情况,给出了改进建议。

There are a large number of sealing points between the equipment and pipelines on the offshore oil and gas platform.Due to improper installation,aging,corrosion and other reasons,harmful gas leakage is likely to occur.The gas monitor installed on the platform sometimes cannot effectively alarm.The failure of the system itself is mainly due to the fact that the gas monitoring equipment does not detect the leaking gas,which brings great safety hazards to the platform.How to ensure the reasonable arrangement of harmful gas detectors and minimize the risk of leakage is an urgent problem to be solved.After fully studying the equipment layout and operating conditions of the main process of an offshore oil and gas platform,this paper uses CFD software to establish a three-dimensional model of the platform to simulate the diffusion of methane gas under different leakage conditions and wind conditions,and obtain the structure and equipment of the gas receiving platform.The concentration distribution after the layout is affected.According to the characteristics of gas diffusion obtained by simulation and the distribution of current monitoring equipment,suggestions for improvement are given.