美国大学入学考试产生和发展的探讨——基于SAT和ACT的研究

Discussion on the Emergence and Development of College Entrance Examination in the United States

美国大学入学考试经历了三个发展阶段:学业水平测试阶段、学术性向测试阶段、多种考试并存阶段。主要成就表现在:较好满足了大学选拔学生的需要、考生能较好了解自己的学习状况、积极推动中学课程和教学改革。存在的不足:标准化考试较难全面测试考生、SAT和ACT具有较高的相关性、大学入学考试的效度尚待提高。发展特点和启示:立足需求,不断发展;专业管理,保证质量;以人为本,服务社会。

The three historical periods of College Entrance Examination in America are as follows: the period of achievement tests;the period of scholastic aptitude tests;the period of a variety of test to coexist. The main achievements are that better meet the needs of university student selection;the students can better understand their learning situation;actively promoting the secondary school curriculum and teaching reform. The problems are that standard test is difficult to fully test the examinee;the correlation between SAT and ACT with high; the university entrance exam validity remain to be improved. The main characteristics and suggestions are as follows: based on demand, continuous development;professional management to ensure quality;the people oriented, service society.