塔里木河中下游退耕还草植物种选择试验——苏丹草引种适宜性与主要农艺性状分析

Experiment on the Species Selection for the Conversion of Arable Land into Grasslands in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Tarim River, Xinjiang ——Analysis on the Adaptability and the Agronomic Characters of Introducing Sorghum sudancne

20 0 2年在塔里木河中下游土地沙化、盐渍化较重、种植棉花长势不好的中、低产田退耕建植苏丹草 ,并对 8个农艺性状与单株重进行相关、回归分析 ,表明 :苏丹草适宜在 81°～ 89°E ,4 0°～ 4 5°N的塔河中下游地区种植 ;温度是影响出苗的重要因子 ;每茬刈割后及时追肥可显著提高产草量。叶宽、叶鞘长与苏丹草单株重相关性较显著 ,相关系数大小依次为叶宽 >叶鞘长 >节长 >节径 >穗长 >株高 >叶长 >叶数。

In the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River, the ecological environment is seriously degenerated, the plant species and biomass of the natural communities are reduced, and the grasslands are serious degenerated due to the sharply reduction of inflow of the mainstream of Tarim River. The project of conversion of arable lands into forests and grasslands in one of the main content of the regeneration of ecological environment in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River. Grass planting should be the key of the project because it can drive the local economic development, especially the development of animal husbandry, while regenerating the ecological environment, so the selection of herbage species is the most important. Sorghum sudancne was begun to introduce for generating the artificial grasslands on the desertified lands, serious saline or alkaline lands, mid-yield and low-yield lands in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River from 2002. In this paper, the correlative analysis and regressive analysis on the 8 agronomic characters and the weight of single plant of Sorghum sudancne are carried out. The experimental and demonstrative results show that Sorghum sudancne adaptable to be planted in the region of 40°～45°N and 81°～89°E in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River. Temperature is an important factor in the period of emergence of seedlings; to spread fertilizers can increase the grass yield after each mowing. The results show that the correlation between the weight of single plant of Sorghum sudancne and its leaf width and leaf sheath length is significant, and the correlation is in a sequence of leaf width (r = 0.3900)>leaf sheath length (r = 0.3163)>stanza length (r = 0.1079)>stanza diameter (r = 0.0044)>spike length (r = -0.2078) >plant height (r = -0.2686)>leaf length (r = -0.2803)>leaf number (r = -0.3961).