艺术家群体的身体抗争与符号建构:策略及效果

Physical Resistance and Symbol Construction of the Artist Group:Strategies and Effects

艺术家群体作为拥有高度符号化表意实践能力的行为主体,运用身体符号进行抗争建构具有天然的优势,他们通过身体构建视觉符号,进行公共表演,以图像符号中能指与所指的"失谐"来营造戏剧化景观,用趣味性减弱心理排斥感,顺而进入到受者的情感领域,实现符号意指机制的表达。基于2007—2017相关案例的综合分析,研究发现,艺术家身体抗争的策略建构主要呈现出两种类型:通过隐喻实践展示一个"戏谑"的身体来表达讽刺;通过刺点实践展示一个"无畏"的身体来刺破观者情感,收获情感资本。艺术家群体通过身体符号来进行价值倡导有其天然优势,但以身体为媒介所进行的符号抗争也有其局限:由于公众对艺术家的身体艺术存在"刻板意见",符号抗争容易造成对艺术家身份的"反噬";而且图像符号的解读空间较大,容易形成误解、不解、多解、缺解或别解,模糊抗争诉求,降低动员的强度和广度,出现"曲高和寡"的结局。

As the main body of behavior with highly symbolized ideographic practice ability,the group of 'artists'has natural advantages in using body symbols to resist and construct. They construct visual symbols through the body,perform public performances,create dramatic scenes by 'mismatch'between signifier and signified in image symbols,weaken psychological exclusion with interest,and enter the recipient’s emotional lead smoothly,realize the expression of symbol meaning mechanism. The study finds that there are two main types of strategy construction of artists’ body struggle: showing a 'playful 'body through metaphorical practice to express irony;showing a 'fearless'body through piercing practice to pierce the viewer’s emotions and harvest emotional capital. There are natural advantages for artists to advocate value through body symbols,but the symbolic struggle with body as a medium has its limitations: because of the public’s 'stereotyped opinions'about the artist’s body art,the symbolic struggle easily leads to 'rejection'of the artist’s identity;moreover,the interpretation space of image symbols is large,and it is easy to form misunderstandings,obscuring the appeal of protest,reducing the intensity and breadth of mobilization,resulting in a incomprehensible outcome.