内河客船应急防瞬时倾覆系统设计

Design of Emergency Anti-overturning System for Inland Water Passenger Ship

以"东方之星"沉船事件为背景,为提高客船在突发恶劣天气时的应急能力,首次从船舶设计角度提出基于安全气囊的客船应急防瞬时倾覆系统。该系统由供电模块、气囊释放控制模块、蜂窝式气囊设计模块和气体发生器模块四大模块组成。其基本原理是通过对船舶姿态或船体水压的判别实现气囊的瞬间自动释放,减缓客船倾覆速度,延长应急逃生和救援时间。系统设计切合SOLAS公约关注海上人命安全的主题,对于提升客船的安全性能、消除东方之星沉船事件后民众心理阴影和促进内河客船旅游业发展具有较重要的现实意义。

In order to promote the emergency response capability of passenger ship under harsh weather in the context of 'Eastern Star' incident,this paper first propose the anti over-turning system based on the safety air-bag from the perspective of ship design. This system is composed of power supply module,air-bag release control module,Honeycomb airbag design module and air generator module. The principle of this system is to automatically release the air-bag by identifying the ship attitude and hull pressure,this method can slow down the speed of capsizing and prolong the evacuation and research and rescue time. This system matches the requirement of safety of life at sea,which is also the theme of SOLAS. Moreover,this system has positive practical significant to enhance the safety performance of passenger ship,eliminate their bad effects of major accidents,and promote the development of inland tourism.