磷矿浮选药剂研究进展

Review of flotation reagent for phosphate

我国磷矿资源丰富,但大多为中低品位沉积型磷块岩,选别难度大.浮选是磷矿选矿中最主要的分选方法,浮选药剂对浮选指标有着至关重要的影响.浮选药剂按照所起作用不同分为调整剂、捕收剂、起泡剂三类.结合近年文献资料分析,发现传统捕收剂存在溶解性差、选择性不强等缺点,提出利用不同药剂分子间协同作用及提高药剂的活性,采用复配及合成方法研发高效低毒、水溶性好、选择性强的抑制剂和捕收剂是实现我国难选性磷矿中与脉石矿物分离的有效途径.

Phosphate resources are abundant in our country, but most of them belong to middle-low grade sedimentary phosphate rock and separation of them is difficult. Flotation is the most widely used separation method, and reagent is of great importance to separation of phosphate. Regulators, collectors and frothers are classified based on their function in flotation process. The research progress of flotation reagents was reviewed combined with literatures in recent years, and the traditional collectors with poor solubility and weak selectivity were analyzed. We suggest that the novel collectors and depressants with good solubility, strong selectivity,high efficiency and low toxicity can be obtained by compound and chemical synthesis based on the improvement of synergistic effect and reagent activity. It provides us an effective horizon to realize the flotation separation of refractory phosphate rock from gangue minerals.