艾思奇对马克思主义中国化的有益探索——以《辩证法唯物论怎样应用于社会历史的研究》为例

Ai Siqi's Exploration of the Sinicization of Marxism:Based on How to Study Society and History by Dialectical Materialism

艾思奇的《辩证法唯物论怎样应用于社会历史的研究》是延安整风运动时期的重要文献之一。在当时的历史条件下,该文一方面借鉴了斯大林的哲学体系,一方面又根据当时中国革命所面对的具体形势在观点和内容上进行了相应的创造。这种创造主要表现为:突出地批判了社会历史观上的主观唯心主义,强调客观精神的历史作用。这种借鉴和创造相统一的模式虽然仅是一定历史时期马克思主义中国化潮流中的一种尝试,但在一定程度上反映出马克思主义中国化的内涵,即在中国化意识的指导下,一方面保持了马克思主义的基本框架和原则,另一方面又通过解决具体的实践问题来实现中国化。因此,在本质上,马克思主义中国化不是理论问题,而是实践问题。

Ai Siqi's How to Study Society and History by Dialectical Materialism is part of the important literature in Yan'an Rectification Movement.Under the circumstances at that time,the author did some innovation in this document in response to the specific situations faced by Chinese revolution while imitating Stalin's Philosophy System.The innovation is mainly embodied in the focus on criticizing the Subjective Idealism in the conception of society and history,and emphasis on the effect of objective spirit in the development of history.This model,i.e.integration of innovation and imitation,is very typical in the Sinicization of Marxism at that time,and also reflects the connotation of the Sinicization of Marxism,i.e.,while maintaining the basic principles and theory of Marxism,mastering and solving specific practical issues with the spirit of Sinicization.Therefore the Sinicization of Marxism is not a theoretical but a practical issue.