神经增强技术的伦理矩阵初探

Discussion of the Ethical Matrix of Neuroenhancement Technology

随着人类对脑科学的关注和重视,层出不穷的技术正日新月异地出现并改变了人类的生活。神经增强作为一项高新技术,对人类尊严的挑战、存在的脑安全的隐患以及对社会公平的破坏等影响,已不得不让人类社会对其进行伦理反思和政策规制。而伦理矩阵作为在生物技术领域广泛运用的伦理评估模型,能集结广泛的利益相关者参与其中,能消除技术壁垒给多元伦理评估造成的障碍。在神经增强技术的发展之初,提出适应神经增强的伦理评估原则,运用伦理矩阵的研究新路径对其伦理问题进行分析,并为相关立法和政策提出可行的建议,这不仅有利于扩大神经增强技术伦理探讨的利益相关者群体,多角度反思神经增强的伦理问题,也可以防止神经增强的过度发展与应用而给人类社会带来的负面影响和不可逆转的危害。

Nowadays,great attention has been focused on the science of the brain,plenty of technologies of brain are changing and improving human's life,and inspire the potential of human brain.But one of the most developing technology,neuroenhancement brings many impacts on human society such as the challenge to human dignity,the existence of hidden dangers to the safety of brain,and the destroy of social justice,which had drawn attention of the ethical reflection and policy restrictions.Ethical matrix brings extensive stakeholders into the ethical consideration of technology,preventing the technical barrier from high-technology.This paper aims at putting forward the ethical matrix as a new way of analyzing the ethics of neuroenhancement,and concludes the feasible suggestions for relevant legislation and policy,expands the stakeholders of the neuroenhancement as the ethical decision group to prevent the negative effects and the irreversible risks by the excessive application of neuroenhancement.