社会资本对居民健康与主观幸福感的调节效应——基于中国社会状况综合调查的分析

Moderating Effect of Social Capital on Residents’ Health and Subjective Well-being: Analysis on a Comprehensive Survey of Chinese Social Conditions

为探究居民个体社会资本对其健康与主观幸福感的影响,以社会资本作为调节变量,利用2015年中国社会状况综合调查数据研究发现:居民的心理健康与生理健康总体上处于良好状态;居民的主观幸福感感知"比较幸福"的占比最高,总体处于中等偏上水平;居民个体的社会资本中,认知型社会资本中的社会信任和结构型社会资本的邻里和朋友交往都处于中等偏上水平。研究表明:居民的社会信任以及和邻居及朋友的交往在健康状况和主观幸福感之间均起到显著的正向调节效应,即社会信任会随着健康状况越好而对主观幸福感有正向影响,反之随着健康状况恶化则对主观幸福感影响较弱;居民与邻里和朋友的交往频次越高,在健康状况良好的状态下,居民的主观幸福感评分越高,反之,在健康状况恶化的情况下,对居民主观幸福感知影响作用不大。

In order to explore the impact of individual social capital on the health and subjective well-being of residents,this paper uses social capital as a regulated variable with the data from a comprehensive survey of social conditions in China in 2015.It’s found in the study that:Residents’mental health and physical health are generally in a good state;Residents’perceptions of subjective well-being are'happier'with the overall being at a middle-to-upper level;Among residents’individual social capital,the social trust and structural social capital of the neighborhood and friends in cognitive-based social capital are all in the upper middle level.Conclusions are that the residents’social trust and their interactions with neighbors and friends all play a significant positive regulatory role between health status and subjective well-being.That is,social trust will have a positive impact on subjective well-being with better health status.Conversely,as the health condition worsens,the impact on subjective well-being is weaker;the higher the frequency of interaction between residents and neighbors and friends is,the better the health condition will be.In the state,the subjective well-being score of the residents is higher,and conversely,in the case of worsening health conditions,it has little effect on the subjective well-being perception of the residents.