新型淀粉基全生物降解薄膜的研究

Research on New Starch-Based Full-Biodegradable Film

以玉米淀粉为主要原料,研究了蚋米SiO2改性淀粉薄膜的最佳分散处理工艺,并通过测定样品的红外吸收光谱、X-射线衍射图和扫描电镜照片对该膜的结构进行了分析。结果表明:纳米SiO2的最佳分散工艺为向2g纳米SiO2的分散液中加入0.015g聚丙烯酰胺（PA）后,先用机械力研磨分散1h,然后置入淀粉-聚乙烯醇（ST-PVA）共混液中;纳米SiO2在淀粉和聚乙烯醇分子间形成了均一致密的交联网状结构;所制备薄膜的各项性能均得到大幅度提高,其中拉伸强度可达34.82Mpa,断裂伸长率为331%,达到国标GB 4456—84所规定的标准。

With corn starch as main raw material,the optimal dispersing process for starch film modified by nano-silica was studied and the structure of the film was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy（IR）,X- ray diffraction and scanning electron micrography （SEM）.The results showed that the optimal process for dispersing SiO2 is to add 0.015g of polyacry lamide （PAM） into 2g SiO2 dispersant liquor,which was then first grinded and dispersed further mechanically for 1h and later put into co-mixed liquor of polyvinyl alcohol and starch.Nano SiO2 existing between starch and polyvinyl molecules formed a homo- geneous and dense cross net texture so that properties of the film was improved remarkably.The tensile strength and breaking elongation of the film were 34.82 MPa and 331% respectively and can meet re- quirements for GB 4456-84 （National Standard of the People’s Republic of China）.