中国古代宫内正殿太极殿的建置及其与东亚诸国的关系

Institution of Establishing the Main Pavilion Taijidian in the Imperial Palace of Ancient China and Its involvement in the Relationship between Then China and Other East Asian Countries

从3世纪的魏开始,中国历代皇宫内的正殿皆称太极殿,至唐代而不变。高句丽、百济、新罗等朝鲜半岛诸国因各种原因本国宫殿不能采用"太极殿"的名称。日本崇尚唐风最深,其君主不受册封,自7世纪的飞鸟时代直至9世纪以降的平安时代,宫内正殿始终仿中国之制而称"大极殿"。

From the Wei period in the third century, the main pavilion in the imperial palace of successive Chinese dynasties was called 'Taijidian 太极殿' which had not changed down to the Tang period starting from the seventh century. In the Koguryo, Paekche and Silla kingdoms of the Korean Peninsula, Chinese institutions and culture were upheld to different extents. But even if the 'Taijidian' was deeply admired in these kingdoms, by legal principle they could not adopted this name to the palaces of their own because they were protectorates of China according to the titles their rulers accepted from the Chinese emperor. In Japan, the Tang style was upheld to the greatest extent. On the other hand, from the early seventh century onward, the Japanese ruler insisted on 'diplomacy on an equal basis' and had not been under the titling by China's emperor. Therefore in the Asuka period of the seventh century, the Nara period of the eighth century and the Heian period from final years of the eighth century, the main pavilion in the Japanese imperial palace had all along been called 'Daigokuden 太极殿' in imitation of the Chinese institution.