摘要
目的:评价应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗儿童房间隔缺损(ASD)和动脉导管未闭(PDA)的效果、安全性及并发症等。方法:超声心动图及临床诊断为ASD、PDA患儿,在透视或(和)经胸超声心动图(TTE)下置入Amplatzer封堵器,术后24 h、1、3、6个月、1年及以后每年分别经胸超声、心电图和X线胸片检查评价治疗效果。结果:16例ASD患儿,球囊测量值为13.0～28.0 mm[(19.3±4.9)mm],选择封堵器的直径为13.0～30.0 mm[(20.6±5.1)mm];25例PDA患儿,造影测量值为2.0～7.7 mm[(3.9±1.5)mm],选择封堵器的直径为4.0～12.0 mm[(6.6±1.9)mm]。技术成功率为100％,术中未发生任何并发症,无急诊手术病例。术后即刻造影或TTE显示10例存在残余分流,术后3月TTE检查所有病例无残余分流和再通,肺动脉压下降。结论:应用Amplatzer封堵器治疗小儿PDA和ASD,具有操作简单、安全、损伤小、成功率高等优点,适合于儿童继发孔型ASD及各种类型PDA的介入治疗。
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect, safety and complications oftranscathetering Amplatzer device in the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and atrial septaldefects (ASD) in children. Methods: Patients with PDA (n = 25) and ASD ( n = 16), confirmed byechocardiography, were treated by transcatheterization. Amplatzer occluder device was placed by thetranscatheterization with the image support of X-ray and transthoracic echocardiography ( TTE) . TheTTE, ECG and X-ray examination were engaged to evaluate the therapeutic results on the time pointsof 24 h , 1, 3 , 6, 12 months after the operation, and all these cases were engaged to the follow-upexamination. Results: The cardioangiographic diameter was 13.0-28.0 mm ([19.3+-4.9] mm) in ASD and2.0-7.7 mm ([3.9+-1.5] mm) in PDA . The diameter of the Amplatzer occluder selected were 13.0-30.0mm ( [20.6+-5.1] mm) in ASD and 4.0-12.0 mm ([6.6+-1.9] mm) in PDA , respectively. All the Amplatzeroccluders were placed successfully. There were no complications during and after the operation.Very small residual shunt was still found soon after the operation in 10 cases , and there were noresidual or recanalization after three months of the operation. The pulmonary artery pressure andheart size were significantly decreased in follow-up examination . Conclusion: Transcatheteringclosure with Amplatzer device is an effective, simple and safe technique in the treatment of ASD andPDA in children.
