开放与包容:落脚城市人口政策的价值指引

Openness and Inclusiveness:the Value Guidance for the Population Policy on Urban Settlers

城镇化浪潮的启动裹挟着大量乡村人口进入城市,城市边缘空间是他们的落脚之所。城市产业的转型升级需要集聚相当数量的人才,城市是人才的创业空间。近年来,我国部分城市的人口政策陷入了对立的两端,在对部分低收入外来群体及其居住空间进行清理和整治的同时,通过各种落户优惠和财政补贴等手段抢夺人才。排斥性的人口政策,导致完整的城市经济生态链被打破、城市基本公共服务供需矛盾加大、人才被一定程度浪费、城市间发展不平衡问题加剧、社会整合难度加大。城市的产业结构是人口结构的决定性因素,尊重市场而非权力对人口迁移的影响是制定城市人口政策的基本准则。开放而非封闭、包容而非排斥,应成为落脚城市人口政策的价值指引。

The wave of urbanization has brought a large number of rural people into cities and the peripheral areas become their homes. However,industrial transformation and upgrade tend to rely on a large group of highly qualified personnel and cities can be nice places for entrepreneurships. In recent years,some cities’ population policies have gone to two extremes:they purge the living spaces and some of the low-income settlers and at the same time use favorable policies and financial incentives to attract talent. These exclusive policies result in the breaking of the entire urban economic eco-chain,an increased demand for basic public service,a certain waste of talented people,an imbalanced development between cities,and more difficulties in social conformity. A city’s industrial structure is the decisive factor of its population structure,so letting the market rather than authorities’ power to influence the movement of people should be the ground rule for making population policies. Openness and inclusiveness,instead of the opposite,are the value guidance for the population policy on urban settlers.