消防官兵营养状况调查及相应对策研究

Nutritional status of fire fighters and countermeasures

目的分析消防官兵膳食营养和健康状况,并提出卫生勤务对策,为改善后勤保障提供科学依据。方法采用连续3 d称重法对296名消防官兵的膳食和营养素的摄入情况进行了调查,并分析其膳食营养情况,以提出针对性卫生勤务对策。结果本次调查的消防官兵谷薯类、禽畜类、蔬菜、水果、鱼虾类、蛋类、奶类、豆类等食物摄入偏低,食用油、盐类摄入偏高;糖类(51. 4%)和蛋白质(12. 5%)供能比例合理,但脂肪供能比例偏高(36. 1%)。维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、钙和锌摄入不达标。结论该武警部队消防官兵群体存在膳食结构不合理,营养素摄入不足和摄入不均衡现象,下一步应加强卫生勤务保障工作。

Objective To analyze the dietary nutrition status and health status of fire-fighters,and put forward health service countermeasures.Methods Food supply was surveyed by the weighing method,and the intake of dietary nutrition among these firefighters was analyzed.Results The fire-fighters involved in this survey had low intakes of such foods as cereals,poultry,vegetables,fruits,fish and shrimps,eggs,milk and beans,while the intakes of edible oil and salt were excessive.The supply of carbohydrates(51.4%)and proteins(12.5%)was of proper proportion,but the intake of fat was high(36.1%).The intake of vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin,niacin,calcium and zinc did not meet the supply standard.Conclusions This fire brigade of the Armed Police Force has an improper dietary structure,and there are insufficient nutrient intakes and imbalance of intakes.Health service has to be improved.