林则徐货币改革思想探析——兼论清代“闭关政策”下的中外货币流通

On Lin Zexu's Currency Reform Thoughts ——Also on the Circulation of Chinese and Foreign Currency under the Closed-Door Policy

在清王朝实行闭关政策时期,中外贸易仍有较高速发展,洋钱在中国日益广泛流通。由于鸦片走私泛滥,致使中国的国际收支发生逆转,白银大量外流。鉴此,林则徐提出自铸银币以抑洋钱,严禁鸦片以根治“银荒”等顺应民情、有利于货币流通及商品经济发展的主张,为应对外来货币经济的挑战进行积极而可贵的探索,开启中国近代币制改革之先河。

During the time when the closed-door policy was adopted by Qing Dynasty, trade with foreign countries still developed rapidly and foreign currency widely circulated in China with each passing day. Owing to the overflow of opium smuggling, balance of China's international revenues and expenditures was broken, which directly resulted in quantities of silver outflow. In view of this, Lin Zexu put forward a series of profound maintenance to promote the development of Chinese commercial economy, such as carrying out mintage policy to restrict foreign currency, forbidding opium to get rid of 'silver shortage'. To deal with the challenge of foreign currency economy, Lin Zexu made an active and valuable exploration and created a new epoch in Chinese currency reform.