滇蛙和昭觉林蛙的形态差异及其潜在的适应意义

Morphological Differentiation between Rana pleuraden and Rana chaochiaoensis with Comments on Their Potential Adaptive Significance

以比较解剖学的方法 ,观察和比较了采自 1997年 8月～ 2 0 0 0年 9月的滇蛙 (♂ 16 ,♀ 14 )和昭觉林蛙 (♂ 17,♀ 17)标本的外部形态、肌肉和骨骼。结果显示 ,两种蛙的皮肤颜色不同 ;滇蛙的鳞骨比昭觉林蛙的发达 ;滇蛙雄性个体具声囊 ,而昭觉林蛙则无 ;滇蛙和昭觉林蛙的肱三头肌、股三头肌和胫部的肌肉有显著或极显著差异 ;昭觉林蛙的四肢骨骼较滇蛙的细长 ,腰带坐骨结节较突出 ,髋臼也较大 ;两种蛙头部扩大的骨骼不同 ;滇蛙腹直肌具腱划 4条 ,昭觉林蛙 5条。两种蛙的这些形态差异与其栖息的小生境及生活方式的差异相适应。

Comparative approach was applied to Rana pleuraden (♂16,♀14) and R.chaochiaoensis (♂17,♀17) collected from Aug.1997 to Sept.2000.Their external morphology,muscle and osteological characters were observed and compared.It is expected to find the clues that two sympatric species in the same genus diverge in morphology.The results show that there is different skin color pattern between two species;the squamosal of R.pleuraden is more developed than R.chaochiaoensis';adult male of R.pleuraden is with vocal sac and R.chaochiaoensis without it;there are notable differences in musculus triceps brachii,musculus triceps femoris and musculus tibialis between two species;skeletons of R.chaochiaoensis in limbs are longer and thinner than R.chaochiaoensis' and its tuber ischiadicum and acetabulum of pelvic girdle are stronger as well;enlarged bones in braincase are different between two species;musculus rectus abdminis of R.pleuraden is with 4 inscription and R.chaochiaoensis with 5,and so on.Morphologic differences between two frogs are consistent and suitable with their habitat and their living manner.