七种甲壳类水产品脂肪酸组成的分析研究

Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition of Seven Species of Crustacea

水产动物食品中富含ω—3型多稀酸,其中尤其是C_(20:5)(EPA)和C_(22:6)(DHA)对人体有特殊保健功能。本文对七种常见的甲壳类水产品进行脂肪酸组成分析,它们是中国对虾、日本沼虾、安氏白虾、克氏原螫虾、葛氏长臂虾、中华绒螯蟹和三寺疣梭子蟹。测定主要采用黄志斌、李淡秋(1990)的“快速制备脂肪酸甲酯用于气相色谱分析”一文所提供的方法。结果显示,被测样品中不饱和脂肪酸含量高于饱和脂肪酸,而不饱和脂肪酸中多烯酸含量高达60%,且以长碳链(C_(20)、C_(22))ω—3型为特征,表明甲壳类水产品体脂中EPA和DHA含量甚高,超过淡水鱼的一倍,但略逊于海水鱼。值得注意的是,甲壳类水产品中EPA的含量高于DHA的含量,这与鱼类中的情况正好相反。

There are plenty of omega—3 polyenoic acids in the aquatic products,especially for C_(20:5)(EPA) and C_(22:6)(DHA) which have the functions of health care for mankind. This paper deals with the analysis of fatty acid composition of seven species of crustacea by chromatography. They were Penaeus chinensis, Macrobrachium nipponense, Exopalaemon annandalei, Procambarus clarkii, Palaemon gravieri,Eriocheir sinensis and Portunus trituberculatus. The result shows that the content of the unsaturated fatty acids of these crustacea is higher than that of the saturated fatty acids. The content of the unsaturated fatty acids is above 60%,long carbon chains are the specific charaters of the unsaturated acids. This reveals that the content of EPA and DHA of these crustacea is one time more than that of fresh water fishes while it is less than that of sea water fishes. The content of EPA is larger than that of DHA in the crustacea. That the phenomenon is opposite to the fishes is noticeable.