“信息网络传播权”及其侵权研究

On the Right of Communication to the Public through Information Network and the Related Infringing Acts

针对目前司法界在认定侵犯"信息网络传播权"中遇到的困惑,本文指出:正确地界定"网络传播行为"是认定侵权的前提条件。"网络传播行为"只能指将作品"上传"至或以其他方式"置于"向公众开放的联网服务器或计算机中的行为,包括P2P软件用户"共享"作品的行为,但不包括对第三方网站中作品设置链接等辅助传播行为。最高人民法院将权利人发出侵权警告作为认定网络服务提供者"主观过错"的做法是错误的。根据"红旗标准",如服务提供者明显知晓他人的侵权行为而仍然予以帮助的,应当认定其有"主观过错"。

There are a lot of disputes among judges on how to apply the 'right of communication to the public through the information network' to specific cases. This paper points out that the precondition for courts to correctly apply the right and determine infringing acts in the network environment is to define the act of communicating works to the public through the information network. It proposes that only those acts that upload or put works onto openly accessible network servers or computers are the acts of communication to the public in the Internet. Any other acts that only facilitate communication such as providing hyperlinks to remote websites are not the acts of communication to the public. In addition, this paper argues that the Supreme Court is erroneous in making the copyright owner's notice the only means of identifying a service provider's intention to assist another's direct infringe- ment. If a service provider is aware of facts or circumstances from which another's infringing activity is apparent, but fails to acts expeditiously to remove or disable access to the infringing material upon obtaining such awareness, the service provider should be held responsible under the 'red flag' test.