人工智能时代下算法共谋的反垄断法规制

Antitrust Regulation of Algorithms Collusions in Artificial Intelligent Age

如今人工智能迅速崛起,算法扮演重要角色。算法可以有效调配资源,降低生产成本,提高生产效率。但是,算法在提高市场透明度和促进交易速度的同时,将增加共谋的可能性。企业通过算法可不以协议的形式更方便地达成共谋,如自动发出价格信号、自动执行相同的定价策略以及监督与相同的定价策略相偏离的背离者等。算法共谋不会改变认定共谋的核心要素,且算法可以作为执行合意的工具,因此,对算法共谋的认定需在个案中依据市场环境来完成,特别是找到企业之间存在合意或相互依赖性的证据。

Nowadays Artificial Intelligent (AI) is developing fast, and algorithms play an important role in AI age. Algorithms are helpful to allocate resource effectively, reduce production cost, and improve production efficiency. However, algorithms may also increase the probability of collusions,as they can improve market transparence and transaction speed. Companied can engage in collusions through algorithms other than agreement , and algorithms are helpful to facilitate tacit coordination , like send out price signals, and comply with the same pricing strategy and supervise mavericks betraying the same pricing policy. Algorithms collusions haven’t changed core elements of cartel in Antitrust, and they just can be enforced as tools, so evaluation of algorithms shall be done in a specific case under certain market environment, especially in finding out evidence that show meeting of minds or interdependence among companies.