真诚、客观性与玛丽安·摩尔的精确美学

Authenticity,Objectivity and Marianne Moore's Aesthetic of Precision

美国诗人玛丽安·摩尔的诗歌最为突出的特点是具体性与客观性,这与现代主义诗歌总体趋势相吻合。真诚是摩尔诗歌的核心,精确则是其外在表现,是抵达诗歌真诚之途径。摩尔的精确,从诗歌形式上主要体现在其音节诗形式的精确的重复上,而内容上则体现在极端客观性的事实呈现上。然而,摩尔的诗歌往往在呈现科学、客观的精确的同时,悄悄地否认这种精确的绝对性。摩尔对科学、客观性以及精确的青睐,一方面是科学与哲学发展、现代主义诗人适应新的现实和新的认知方式的必然结果。与此同时,这也是在现代话语语境下,以权威话语模式为诗歌、艺术辩护,争得一席之地的策略。摩尔的精确美学,强调客观,然而这种客观性却绝不是简单、纯然的客观,而是融合着客观性与主观性的综合体。

Marianne Moore distinguishes her poetry with particularity and objectivity,which seems to be compatible with the general trend of modernist poetry.Authenticity is the core of Moore’s poetics,with precision as its outward manifestation and a way to poetic authenticity.Her precision or aesthetic of precision illustrates itself in the precise repetition of syllabic stanzaic form and the radically objective presentation of facts.Even though Moore’s poetry boasts of scientific and objective precision,the absoluteness of this precision is quietly yet firmly denied at the same time.Moore’s predilection for science,objectivity and precision is a necessary outcome from not only the development of science and philosophy,but also modernist poets’adaptation to new reality and new ways of cognition on the one hand,and on the other it serves as her strategy to use authoritative discursive mode of discourse in advocating poetry and art and securing their place in the modernist context.Moore’s aesthetic of precision emphasizes objectivity,yet her objectivity is by no means simplistic or pure;instead it is a composite integrating objectivity and subjectivity.