论库切“耶稣系列”小说中乌托邦社会的建构

The Construction of Utopia in J.M.Coetzee’s“Jesus Novel Series”

库切的'耶稣系列'小说《耶稣的童年》和《耶稣的学生时代》以主人公大卫的童年和小学阶段的成长经历为轴心,塑造了一个没有剥削和压迫的乌托邦社会。本文以恩斯特·布洛赫的希望哲学为理论基础,从教育乌托邦、婚姻乌托邦和宗教乌托邦等三个维度,对'耶稣系列'中的乌托邦世界进行分析,发现作者通过小说中乌托邦社会的建构,反思并批判了当前西方社会存在的种种弊端,而其对乌托邦社会建构的目的在于唤醒人们内心的乌托邦理想,鼓励人们超越现存世界的种种桎梏,成为自由而全面发展的个体,从而实现人的解放。

J.M.Coetzee’s'Jesus Series'novels,The Childhood of Jesus and The Schooldays of Jesus,take the protagonist David’s childhood and growing experience in primary school as the axis in creating a utopian society without exploitation and oppression.Based on Ernst Bloch’s philosophy of hope,this paper attempts to analyze the utopian world constructed in the'Jesus Series'from three perspectives:educational utopia,marital utopia,and religious utopia.Also,we wish to share our conclusion that Coetzee’s construction of the utopia society in his novels is intended as a reflection and critique of various problems in the Western society today,and that he aims at arousing people’s inner utopian ideal and encourage them to break through various shackles of the present world for a chance to not only become free and wellrounded individuals,but also accomplish the liberation of the mankind.