家鱼冷冻精液激活、授精方法的研究

THE ACTIVATION AND INSEMINATION METHODS OF CRYOPRESERVED SPERM IN CHINESE CARPS

激活—授精溶液渗透压对家鱼冻精的能育性有明显影响。当用1毫升冻精与4 毫升卵子授精时,冻精与鲜卵在水中与在 171和 342 mOsm/l NaCl 溶液中的受精率均很高(91％左右),无明显差别;当精卵量比为 1:16时,在水中的受精率明显低于在上述 NaCl 溶液中的受精率;当精卵量比升高到 1:32以上时,冻精在 174mOsm/l 溶液中的受精率明显高于其它二组。鲢卵在171和342 mOsm/l 溶液中维持受精能力的有效时间(6 分钟)明显长于在淡水中(2 分钟)。当精子稀释难的 pH 值偏碱(8.7)和冻精激活—授精溶液偏酸(pH6.3)时,冻精的受精率明显下降。解冻后精子在 4℃存放1.5小时活力和受精率下降不多,少数冻精可存活长达 16小时。冻精活力与受精率之间存在着明显正相关,相关系数为0.97,回归方程为 Y=3.68+1.23X。

The activation and insemination methods of cryopreserved spermfrom three species of chinese carps (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix and Megalobrama amblycephala) have been studied. The effect of the osmo-lality of activating solution on fertility of cryopreserved sperm was examined.When sperm-ova insemination ratio was 1:4(V/V), there was no significant di-fference in fertility of frozen sperm between in fresh water and in 171--342mOsm/lsolution. When sperm--ova ratio was 1:16,fertility of frozen sperm in NaCl solutionwith osmolality of 171--342mOsm/l was significantly higher than that in freshwater. Ova could be fertilized for 8 rain in above medium, but 2 rain in fresh water. Basic extender (pH>8.7) was unsuitable for sperm storage,and the slightly acidicactivating solution (pH6.3) was unfavourable for the activation and inseminationof cryopreserved sperm. The thawing sperm stored at 4℃ for 1.5 hour and did notsignificantly influence motility and fertility. A significant positive correlation (r=0.97) between the activity of cryopreserved sperm and fertility was shown. Theregression equation was Y=3.68±1.23x.