论小屯东北地诸建筑基址的始建年代及其与基址范围内出土甲骨的关系

自1928年10月~1937年,前中央研究院历史语言研究所考古组在小屯东北地发掘了殷代建筑基址53座,这一建筑基址群由北向南分成甲、乙、丙三组(图一),乙组基址下及附近有若干条彼此相通的水沟,同时,诸基址上下、基址夯土中及附近地点的灰坑或土层中,出土有较多的陶器(含陶片)与大量甲骨。有的基址还有属奠基性质或祭祀后埋牲用的葬坑,其中有陶器与铜器。

In this paper the author presents a comprehensive study on the construction date of the three groups of Shang dynasty foundations excavated at Xiaotun village in 1920 s and 1930 s,and indicates that most of them were constructed in the period from King Wuding to King Zujia.Moreover,the author studies the relation between the foundations and the oracle and bone inscriptions unearthed there and he suggests that the oracles and bones were buried in the area after the divine actions held in the buildings.As a result,the author discusses the rule of divine in the Shang ancestral temple,and says that the unearthed inscriptions of various systems were related to the divine actions in different ancestral temples so that they were respectively buried at the northeast,south and the center of today’s Xiaotun village.