读《周原甲骨文》

'周原甲骨'是20世纪后半叶最重要的考古发现之一。它包括:(1)1977年陕西岐山县凤雏村西周建筑遗址西厢房11号和31号灰坑中出土的1700余片甲骨(本文以H11编号的283片和以H31编号的10片只是其中有字或原先怀疑有字的甲骨);(2)1979年陕西扶风齐家村1、3、4号灰坑中出土的12片甲骨和在附近采集的22片甲骨(本文以FQ编号的7片只是其中有字或原先怀疑有字的甲骨)。这一发现在学术界曾引起热烈讨论,但长期以来,大家依据的主要是徐锡台先生(已故)和陈全方先生的早期摹本。这两套摹本,各有贡献,也各有不足,有些地方还存在矛盾,常令读者无所适从。

The inscribed oracle bones excavated from the Zhouyuan site are one of the most important archaeological finds in the late 20th century.However,there has been lack of reliable images of original oracle bones in 84 published works since 1978.It is inspiring that a catalogue newly published,Zhauyuan Jiaguwen,written and edited by Cao Wei,with well-printed and enlarged color photographs and more accurate transcriptions,provided conveniences for scholars in this study field.The author in this article emended all of transcriptions in Zhouyuan Jiaguwen,supplied his comments to them,and discussed some issues of deciphering.Moreover,the author evaluated briefly the historiographical significance of this discovery,after comparing with the newly published the Chu text,Rongchengshi,written on bamboo slips kept in the Shanghai Museum.