周代金文所见用玉事例研究

玉器在周代被广泛使用,这在文献和考古资料中均有充分的证据[1]。此外,周人的用玉事例还见载于当时的彝铭,对此已有学者进行过相关的研究[2]。为了进一步了解周代的用玉制度,本文拟对周代金文所见用玉事例进行全面的考察。本文所引周代金文资料除注明者外均据《殷周金文集成释文》(下称《释文》)[3]。《释文》共收殷周彝铭12113条,是目前最为全面的殷周金文汇编。《释文》中涉及用玉事例的周代金文共20余条,大体包括以下几类情况。

Among the known Zhou bronze inscriptions there are more than twenty pieces related to the use of jade.Also employing archaeological discoveries and the recordings in extant documents,the author presents a detailed study on how the Zhou people used jade wares in some particular situations such as the king or high aristocrat granting their liegeman,the ceremony of investiture,sacrifices,formal meetings among aristocrats as well as exchanges.The study of the use of jade in the Zhou dynasty is a new and effective perspective to understand the society and history of that time.