司马迁的布衣情结

A Brief Talk on Sima Qian's Buyi Complex

《史记》之所以能成为中国史书之典范,不仅在于它的史学价值和文学成就,还在于它显示出的平民立场和布衣情结,这是其他任何一部正史所不具备的。司马迁肯定平民布衣作为社会的基础性力量,认为他们对社会历史的发展起着不可忽视的推动作用。《史记》塑造了一大批超凡脱俗的布衣之士,歌颂了他们的精神风貌和人格魅力,并处处体现出布衣地位的提升,蕴含着丰富的精神内涵。仔细研读,不难发现司马迁这种进步的人文主义情怀正是源自其深藏于内心的布衣情结,同时也与他个人的独特经历及他所处的时代环境有密切关联。司马迁的布衣情结,铸造了《史记》在史传文学中的独特品格,也对后代文人产生了深远影响。

The reason why Historical Records can become a model of Chinese historical books lies not only in its historical value and literary achievements,but also in its civilian positions and Buyi Complex,which any other official histories does not have. Sima Qian affirmed that Buyi Complex as the basic force of society,that they play an important role in promoting the development of social history. Historical Records shaped a large number of extraordinary commoners,eulogized their spiritual style and personality charm,everywhere reflected the promotion of Buyi’s status,and contained a wealth of spiritual connotation. After careful study,it is not difficult to find that Sima Qian’s progressive humanistic feelings are derived from his deep Buyi Complex,but also closely related to his unique personal experience and the environment of his times. Sima Qian’s Buyi Complex cast the unique character of Historical Records in historical literature,but also had a profound impact on future generations of literati.