潍坊市无偿献血人群结构调查研究

Study on the Structure of Unpaid Blood Donors in Weifang City

目的通过对2011—2016年潍坊市无偿献血者人群构成变化情况分析,研究其变化的特征和发展趋势,提出相应的对策,找出适合的应对之策。方法搜集2011—2016年潍坊市参与无偿献血者信息,分别对献血的人数、性别、职业、年龄、文化程度、献血量等情况进行统计分析。结果潍坊市的献血人数逐年递增,2014年有下滑,近两年增长率为2%～5%,保持均衡,男性献血者多于女性,200～300mL献血者比例增长,职业分布日趋合理,农民占比率下降。血型分布符合本地特点。结论潍坊市近几年献血人数增长缓慢,呈现相对稳定和良好发展的态势,各项指标趋向合理化。献血者平均年龄增加,男性多于女性,更利于建立无偿献血长效机制。下一步工作向农村、乡镇延伸,动员两次以上献血者选择献血量300～400 mL,有助于减少输血风险。

Objective To analyze the changes of the population composition of unpaid blood donors in Weifang city from 2011 to 2016,study the characteristics and development trend of the changes,put forward the corresponding countermeasures,and find out the appropriate countermeasures.Methods The information of unpaid blood donors in Weifang city from 2011 to 2016 was collected,and the number,gender,occupation,age,education level and blood amount of blood donors were statistically analyzed.Results The number of blood donors in Weifang had been increasing year by year,with a decline in 2014,with a growth rate of 2%to 5%in the past two years.The balance was maintained,with more men than women.The proportion of 200 to 300 mL blood donors increases,the occupational distribution was increasingly reasonable,and the proportion of farmers decreased.Blood type distribution conformed to local characteristics.Conclusion In recent years,the number of blood donors in Weifang city increased slowly,showing a relatively stable and good development trend,and the indicators tend to rationalize.The average age of blood donors increased,more men than women,more conducive to the establishment of a long-term mechanism of voluntary blood donation.In the next step,the work will be extended to rural areas and towns,and more than two times of blood donors will be mobilized to choose blood volume of 300 to 400 mL,which will help reduce the risk of blood transfusion.