西南地区居民慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理行为及照顾者疾病管理行为水平的调查

Residents in Southwest Self-care Behavior and Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Disease Management Behavior Level Survey

目的调查西南地区居民慢性心力衰竭患者疾病知识水平,从而了解居民慢性心力衰竭患者的自我护理水平及其照顾者对疾病的管理行为。方法通过随机抽样的方法选取西南地区2 000例慢性心力衰竭居民患者作为研究对象,运用中文版欧洲心力衰竭自我护理行为量表和慢性心力衰竭患者的家庭照顾者疾病管理行为问卷分别调查所选慢性心力衰竭患者及其家庭照顾者,并分析调查数据。结果所选西南地区居民慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理行为得分(37.86±7.95)分,患者家庭照顾者疾病管理行为得分(59.28±14.32)分。居民慢性心力衰竭患者家庭执行最差的管理行为是患者每年接种流感疫苗、限制患者每日液体摄入量及对患者体液潴留的监测。结论居民慢性心力衰竭患者自我护理水平及其家庭照顾者的疾病管理行为整体情况不佳,应建立完善以家庭为中心的慢性心力衰竭康复/二级预防保健体系,并由医务人员进行系统、个体化教育及出院后延续护理,以此提高患者及家属的疾病知识水平。

Objective To investigate the disease knowledge level of patients with chronic heart failure in the southwest area thus knowing the self-nursing level of patients with chronic heart failure and management behavior of their caregivers to disease. Methods 2 000 cases of patients with chronic heart failure in southwest area were randomly selected as the research objects and the selected patients with chronic heart failure and their caregivers in home were surveyed by the Chinese-vision European heart failure self-nursing behavior scale and disease management behavior questionnaire of caregivers in home of patients with chronic heart failure, and the survey data were analyzed. Results The self-nursing behavior score of patients with chronic heart failure in southwest area was(37.86±7.95)points and caregivers in home disease management behavior score was(59.28±14.32)points, and the worst management behavior was the flu vaccination per year, restriction of daily liquid intake and monitoring of fluid retention of patients. Conclusion The overall situation of self-nursing level of patients with chronic heart failure and caregivers in home disease management behavior is not good, and we should establish and improve the family-centered chronic heart failure rehabilitation and secondary preventive healthcare system and the medical staff should conduct the systematical and individual education and continuous nursing after discharge thus improving the disease knowledge level of patients and their family.