转化型故意杀人罪探析

On the crime of transforming intentional homicide

近来故意伤医、杀医事件不断升级,进一步危害了公民的生命权和健康权。我国刑法及司法解释中规定,实施聚众斗殴、虐待被监管人、暴力取证、非法拘禁等罪中致人死亡的,应严格依照故意杀人罪有关规定定罪处罚,即转化型故意杀人罪。由于若干事实因素造成了前罪本质产生巨变,此时前罪构成要素难以包含情节更恶劣或严重的行为或后果,故转化犯通常有着非常独特的立法价值,须对其加以关注。目前其理论的一些基础问题仍存争议,认为结果加重犯可以代替转化型故意杀人罪,从而对其立法必要性质疑;认为主观方面存在认定困难,故其理论应用常存在客观归罪之嫌,进而致其立法合理性否认。在分析了转化型故意杀人罪的概念、范围、特征后,着重诠释其立法必要性和合理性,主张肯定转化型故意杀人罪,以期保障患者正常就诊、维护医务工作者的人身安全和促进社会稳定和谐。

Recently,cases of medical injury and killing have been escalating,further endangering citizen’s undefined right to life and health.In the criminal law and judicial interpretation of our country,it is stipulated that in the crime of gathering people to fight,mistreating the supervised person,obtaining evidence by violence,illegally detaining people and causing death,the crime of intentional homicide should be convicted and punished strictly according to the relevant provisions of the crime of intentional homicide,that is,the crime of'transforming intentional homicide'.Because of the fact that the essence of the former crime has changed greatly,it is difficult for the elements of the former crime to tolerate the worse or more serious actions or consequences.Therefore,the transformed crime usually has a very unique legislative value,which should be paid close attention to.At present,there are still many basic problems in its theory,and it is believed that the aggravated crime of the result can replace the crime of transforming intentional homicide,thus the necessity of its legislation is questioned,and it is believed that the subjective aspect is difficult to identify,so the application of its theory is often characterized by objective imputation.And then to deny the rationality of its legislation.This paper analyzes the concept,scope and characteristics of'transforming intentional homicide',emphasizes on the necessity and rationality of its legislation,and advocates the affirmation of'transforming intentional homicide'in order to ensure the patients to see a doctor normally,maintain the personal safety of medical workers and promote social stability and harmony.