比较法学于“错误生命”案件中之利用及影响(上)

The use and influence of comparative law in ‘wrongful life' cases(A)

在错误生命案件的法律分析中,对比较法素材的利用极为普遍。检视了整个世界范围内不同法域结论冲突的诸多错误生命案件,并以荷兰及南非判例为主要例证,以验证下面的假说:在诸如错误生命这样争辩甚烈的案件中,真正具有决定意义的是侵权法体制的文化背景或者法律政策,而不是在比较法上找到的结论与论据。

In analyzing′wrongful life′cases,comparative law is used extensively.This article examines these wrongful life cases,especially in light of the contradicting outcomes in different jurisdictions across the world,with the Dutch Kelly case and the South African decision in Stewart v Botha as its main examples.I will test the hypothesis that it is not so much the outcomes and(more importantly)the arguments found elsewhere through the comparative law method that are decisive in highly debated cases like those concerning wrongful life,but that instead it is something else that decides the issue,something I would define as the cultural background of,or the legal policies within a tort law system.